To identify the factors within the concrete quality control system that affect the assurance of concrete compressive strength throughout the entire life cycle of buildings and structures, from design to disposal. Additionally, the research seeks to develop recommendations that ensure the desired level of concrete compressive strength. Methods: A comparative analysis of existing data, standards and scientific literature has demonstrated the effectiveness of fault tree analysis in exploring the relationships between control system factors and the failure of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. The assessment of the control system’s status, viewed as a barrier to development, is based on the findings from the author’s empirical and theoretical research. Results: The study outlines the key stages and levels of a concrete quality control system within the framework of the complete life cycle of buildings and structures. The connections between concrete failure in structures and the allowable discrepancies in methods and techniques for assessing concrete compressive strength have been established. A “fault tree” analysis for concrete (and reinforced concrete) structures has been created within the framework of the quality control system factors. The impact of various factors within the quality control system on ensuring an effective integration of quality control parameters and the reliability of the results obtained to achieve a predetermined level of strength assurance has been identified. The components contributing to the overall error in standard strength testing methods, both destructive and non-destructive, have been identified, including instrumental, methodological, and subjective ones. Practical significance: The practical significance of this work lies in the justification for implementing a tailored control design stage to an individual project, which will mitigate the effects of material heterogeneity without necessitating extensive modifications to the control system.