employee
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
Russian Federation
graduate student
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
employee
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Purpose: This research investigates the effect of semiconductor laser processing parameters, specifically with a rectangular spot, on the hardening depth, microhardness, microstructure, and tribotechnical properties of Class 55 steel. These properties were evaluated under conditions of friction against hardened Class 45 steel, utilizing a drip oil lubrication system. Methods: Laser thermal hardening of the friction surface of Class 55 steel samples was performed using a semiconductor laser with a rectangular spot. Metallographic analysis of the laser-hardened zones was conducted using an MS1000 optical system, an AM419 digital microscope, and a PMT-3 microhardness tester. The microhardness measurements were performed with a load of 0.98 N and recorded using an MS-8.3 S digital camera. The reference sample selected for this study was Class 18XG steel after undergoing carburizing treatment, which demonstrated a hardness level of 56-59 HRC. Tribotechnical tests were carried out according to the scheme that included a flat rectangular block of Class 55 steel and a ring-shaped counter-plate composed of steel 45, both of which were in the spindle chuck of a friction-testing machine. Continuous measurements of the friction moments and the applied load on the samples were obtained using strain gauges, with the data being displayed on a computer screen in real time. Furthermore, a non-contact inductive sensor was installed on the friction machine to measure the spindle rotational frequency, with the output directed to a tachometer affixed to the top cover of the machine. Results: The study have shown that following laser hardening, the microstructure of the hardened zones contains finedisperse martensite needles. The hardness within these zones varies from 7470 to 10,980 MPa. The adhesive wear pressure at different sliding speeds of the 45 steel counter-plate is 1.5-1.6 times greater, and the wear resistance is twice as high compared to the samples of 18XGT after carburizing. Concurrently, the friction coefficients are significantly lower. Practical significance: The technological process for manufacturing a diesel camshaft made of 18XGT steel with subsequent carburizing can be replaced by laser hardening of the camshaft made from Class 55 steel using a semiconductor laser with a rectangular beam. This alternative approach significantly reduces energy consumption and enhances the ecological sustainability of the production process.
Laser hardening, microhardness, microstructure, coefficient of friction, wear rate, wear resistance
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