Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System

Daniil Somov; Andrey Petryaev; Nadezhda Teniryadko

doi:10.20295/2223-9987-2026-3-138-154

DETERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE INTERACTION OF THE CRUSHED STONE-GEOGRID SYSTEM Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System

АА Аа

Published in Bulletin of scientific research results · Issue 3, 2026 · Pages 138–154 · Rubric: GENERAL TECHNICAL PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION APPROACH

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2026-3-138-154

Received: 04.07.2026 Accepted: 14.08.2026 Published: 05.10.2026 Language of publication: RUS

Authors

Daniil Somov

Andrey Petryaev

Nadezhda Teniryadko

Daniil Somov

Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University Postraduate Student, Engineer · Russian Federation

Andrey Petryaev

Academic degree: doctor of technical sciences

Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University Senior Researcher · Russian Federation · Saint-Petersburg

Nadezhda Teniryadko

Academic degree: candidate of technical sciences

Russian University of Transport Associate Professor · Department “Highways, airfields, bases and foundations” · Russian Federation

ABSTRACT

Objective: the purpose of the work is to experimentally evaluate the shear strength and interface parameters of the crushed stone–geogrid system, as well as to establish the influence of geometric and mechanical characteristics of geogrids on the effectiveness of reinforcement of crushed stone material. Methods: the study was performed on the basis of large-scale shear tests conducted using a direct shear laboratory installation. The tests were performed for non-reinforced crushed stone and “crushed stone–geogrid” systems at various levels of normal voltages. According to the test results, the coefficient of interface interaction and the parameters of shear strength (angle of internal friction and engagement) were determined. The data obtained were compared with the geometric and mechanical characteristics of the studied geogrids. Results: it was found that the use of geogrids leads to a change in the mechanism of resistance to the displacement of crushed stone, which is expressed by the redistribution of the components of shear resistance. The values of the interface interaction coefficient are in the range of 0,70–0,86 and depend on the type and rigidity of the geogrid. It is shown that an increase in the interaction coefficient correlates with an increase in the thickness of the edges and nodes, as well as with an increase in the rigidity of the geogrids. Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in selecting the type of geogrid and assigning the design parameters of reinforced crushed stone foundations and ballast layers of railways. The established relationships between the geometric parameters of geogrids and their reinforcing efficiency make it possible to increase the validity of engineering solutions and refine the computational models of the “ground–geogrid” interaction.

KEYWORDS

geogrid, railway ballast, crushed stone, ballast prism, reinforcement, shear testing, interface interaction, interaction coefficient, shear strength, geosynthetic materials

Text

Text (PDF)

Read Download

1. Liu C. N., Ho Y. H., Huang J. W. Large-Scale Direct Shear Tests of Soil–Geogrid Interfaces // Geotextiles and Geomembranes. 2009. Vol. 27, no. 1. Pp. 19–30.

2. Indraratna B., Ngo N. T., Rujikiatkamjorn C. Behaviour of Geogrid-Reinforce Ballast under Shear and Cyclic Loading // Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. 2011. no. 29. Pp. 313–322.

3. Ngo N. T., Indraratna B., Ferreira F. B. Influence of Fouling on the Shear Behaviour of Ballast–Geogrid Interfaces // Soils and Foundations. 2018. Vol. 58, no. 4. Pp. 931–943.

4. Ngo N. T., Indraratna B., Rujikiatkamjorn C. Direct Shear Behaviour of Soil–Geogrid Interfaces // Geotextiles and Geomembranes. 2016. Vol. 44, no. 4. Pp. 523–535.

5. Interface Shear Behaviour of Sand–Geogrid Systems at Large Displacements / J. Stacho [et al.] // Geotechnical Testing Journal. 2020. Vol. 43, no. 6. Pp. 1516–1530.

6. Interface Shear Strength of Geogrid–Soil Systems Under Different Moisture Conditions / C. N. Liu [et al.] // Geotextiles and Geomembranes. 2019. Vol. 47, no. 5. Pp. 676–688.

7. The Effect of Relative Density, Granularity and Size of Geogrid Apertures on the Shear Strength of the Soil / Geogrid Interface / A. Lakirouhani [et al.] // Journal of Civil Engineering and Management. 2024. Vol. 30, no. 8. Pp. 691–707.

8. Anisotropic Shear Behaviour of Soil–Geogrid Interfaces / J. Zhang [et al.] // Construction and Building Materials. 2021. Vol. 301, no. 11 (23). Art. 11387.

9. Large-Scale Direct Shear Testing for Assessing Interfacial Parameters of Natural and Recycled Sand with Geosynthetic Reinforcements / V. Kommanamanchi [et al.] // Construction and Building Materials. 2024. Vol. 442. Art. 137598.

10. Venkateswarlu H., Saikumar A., Latha G. M. Sand–Geogrid Interfacial Shear Response Revisited Through Additive Manufacturing // Geotextiles and Geomembranes. 2023. Vol. 51, no. 4. Pp. 95–107.

11. Palmeira E. M. Soil–geosynthetic interaction: modelling and analysis // Geotextiles and Geomembranes. 2009. Vol. 27, no. 5. Pp. 368–390.

12. ASTM D5321/D5321M-26. Standard Test Method for Determining the Shear Strength of Soil-Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic-Geosynthetic Interfaces by Direct Shear. ASTM International. West Conshohocken. PA. 2026. URL: https://www.astm.org/d5321_d5321m-26.html. DOI: 10.1520/ D5321_D5321M-26

13. ASTM D3080/D3080M-23. Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions. ASTM International. West Conshohocken. PA. 2023. URL: https:// www.astm.org/d3080_d3080m-23.html. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1520/D3080_D3080M-23

14. ISO 12957-1:2018, Geosynthetics — Determination of Friction Characteristics. Part 1: Direct Shear Test. International Organization for Standardization. Geneva, 2018. URL: https://www. iso.org/standard/69498.html

15. GOST R 71042-2023. Materialy geosinteticheskie. Metody laboratornyh ispytaniy. M.: Standartinform, 2023.

16. GOST 12248-2020. Grunty. Metody laboratornogo opredeleniya harakteristik prochnosti. M.: Standartinform, 2020.

17. Somov D. N., Igoshev I. S., Petryaev A. V. Aprobaciya metodiki sdvigovyh ispytaniy geosinteticheskogo kompozita «KAPLAM» // Byulleten' rezul'tatov nauchnyh issledovaniy. 2024. № 3. S. 114–127. DOI:https://doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2024-03-114-127. EDN WLCBYZ

18. Tat'yannikov D. A., Ponomarev A. B., Kleveko V. I. Opredelenie harakteristik treniya dlya dvuh tipov geosinteticheskih materialov putem provedeniya ispytaniy na sdvig // Vestnik PNIPU. Stroitel'stvo i arhitektura. 2014. № 1. S. 174–186.

19. Primenenie geosinteticheskih materialov dlya povysheniya nesuschey sposobnosti gruntovyh podushek / S. Zh. Dzhumadilova [i dr.] // Nanotehnologii v stroitel'stve. 2024. T. 16, № 4. S. 342–354. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15828/2075-8545-2024-16-4-342-354. EDN KBXJDR

20. Ignat'ev A. A., Chizhikov I. A. Ocenka povrezhdaemosti i zaklinivayuschey sposobnosti innovacionnoy 3D-georeshetki na granice razdela sloev «pesok — scheben'» // Stroitel'stvo: nauka i obrazovanie. 2025. № 3. S. 141–157. DOI:https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2025.3.9

21. Kazakov M. S., Ofrihter V. G. Harakteristiki vzaimodeystviya geosinteticheskogo materiala s peschanym gruntom pri ispytanii na vytyagivanie // Izvestiya KGASU. 2025. № 4 (74). S. 19–29. DOI:https://doi.org/10.48612/NewsKSUAE/74.2. EDN ANQRMZ

22. Artem'ev V. V., Bessarab G. A. Vliyanie armirovaniya schebenochnyh materialov georeshetkoy na vozdeystvie sdvigovyh nagruzok // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. 2017. № 4. S. 127–133. DOI:https://doi.org/10.12737/23445

GOST

Somov D. N., Petryaev A. V., Teniryadko N. I. Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System // Bulletin of scientific research results. 2026. no. 3. pp. 138-154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2026-3-138-154. (Date of access 16.10.2026).

MLA

Daniil Somov, Petryaev A. V., Teniryadko N. I.. "Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System." Bulletin of scientific research results 2026.3 (2026): 138-154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2026-3-138-154.

APA

Somov D. N., Petryaev A. V., Teniryadko N. I. (2026). Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System. Bulletin of scientific research results, 2026(3), 138-154. https://doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2026-3-138-154

Chicago

Daniil Somov, Petryaev A. V., Teniryadko N. I.. "Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System." Bulletin of scientific research results 2026, no. 3 (2026): 138-154. https://doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2026-3-138-154.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Somov D. N., Petryaev A. V., Teniryadko N. I. | title = Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System | journal = Bulletin of scientific research results | year = 2026 | volume = 2026 | issue = 3 | pages = 138-154 | doi = 10.20295/2223-9987-2026-3-138-154 }}

Copy

Export: BibTeX EndNote RefMan RusMARC

DETERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE INTERACTION OF THE CRUSHED STONE-GEOGRID SYSTEM Determination of the Parameters of the Interaction of the Crushed Stone-Geogrid System

Confirmation